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1 Bildung Present Perfect

Das Present Perfect

Bildung: Das Present Perfect bildet man wie folgt:

have / has + Past Participle (3. Form, Partizip)

Beispiele für das Present Perfect

I have finished my work.
He has talked to his brother.

Bei den regelmäßigen Verben wird im Past Participle ein -ed an den Infinitiv (Grundform) gehängt. look - looked, watch - watched.
Endet das Verb auf einem unbetontem -e, wird nur -d angehängt.
Die Formen der unregelmäßigen Verben im Past Participle muss man auswendig lernen.

Present Perfect Anwendung

1. Das Present Perfect beschreibt Dinge, deren Auswirkungen noch zu bemerken sind.

The Picture has fallen down. Das Bild ist gerade heruntergefallen (und liegt am Boden).

2. Das Present Perfect beschreibt Dinge, die gerade beendet wurden.

He has just talked to his brother. Er hat gerade mit seinem Bruder gesprochen.
I have just finished my work. Ich habe gerade meine Arbeit beendet.

3. Das Present Perfect beschreibt Dinge, die zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit anfingen und bis in die Gegenwart dauern.

We have worked in London since 2010. Wir haben seit 2010 in London gearbeitet.

Present Perfect Signalwörter - Signal Words

Die Signalwörter im Present Perfect lauten:

ever, for, just, never, not... yet, recently, since, so far, this morning (afternoon...), till now, up to now, yet.

Beispiele für Present Perfect Signalwörter

I have just eaten oranges.
We have already done our homework.
He has lived in London since 2011.

Present Perfect Fragen

Die Fragen im Present Perfect bildet man mit 'have/has' und dem Past Participle.

'have/has' + Subjekt + Past Participle

Beispiele für Fragen im Present Perfect:

I have eaten oranges. Have I eaten oranges?
We have already done our homework. Have we already done our homework?
He has lived in London since 2011. Has he lived in London since 2011?

Present Perfect Verneinung - negative

Die Verneinung im Present Perfect bilden man mit 'have/has', not und der 3. Form.

Beispiele für die Verneinung im Present Perfect:

I have eaten oranges. I haven't eaten oranges.
He has lived in London since 2011. He hasn't lived in London since 2011.

Das Present Perfect von 'to be'

	bejaht	verneint
		Langform	Kurzform
I You He/She We You They	have been have been has been have been have been have been	have not been have not been has not been have not been have not been have not been	haven't been haven't been hasn't been haven't been haven't been haven't been